Нутритивная поддержка у детей после операций на органах желудочно кишечного тракта: обзор литературы: НОВОЕ В МЕДИЦИНЕ

Дмитрий Олегович  Иванов; Юрий Станиславович  Александрович; Константин Викторович  Пшениснов; Екатерина Алексеевна  Плевако; Игорь Алексеевич  Комиссаров; Анастасия Владимировна  Соболева

Nutritional support in children after gastrointestinal surgery: literature review

NEW IN MEDICINE

Dmitry O. Ivanov Saint Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0060-4168
Yurii S. Aleksandrovich Saint Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2131-4813
Konstantin V. Pshenisnov Saint Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1113-5296
Ekaterina A. Plevako Children’s City Hospital No. 2 of St. Mary Magdalene https://orcid.org/0009-0001-5804-5020
Igor A. Komissarov Saint Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University https://orcid.org/0009-0000-5464-4627
Anastasiya V. Soboleva North-Western State Medical University named after I.I. Mechnikov https://orcid.org/0009-0000-3643-7595

Keywords:

nutritional support children intensive therapy parenteral nutrition enteral nutrition intestinal insufficiency syndrome нутритивная поддержка дети интенсивная терапия парентеральное питание энтеральное питание синдром кишечной недостаточности

Abstract

Nutritional support in critically ill children undergoing gastrointestinal surgery is one of the key challenges of modern pediatric surgery and intensive care in pediatrics. The choice of the optimal time for starting nutrition and its composition, despite numerous studies, remains debatable, since there are no unambiguous recommendations on this issue, however, adequate delivery of nutrients and fluids in this category of patients has a decisive effect on the outcome of the disease, development and quality of life of the child in the remote period. Rational use of the nutritional program serves as a powerful foundation for the restoration and rehabilitation of the child’s body in the long term. Recovery from gastrointestinal surgery requires an integrated approach, including intensive therapy, pathogenetic measures, and special attention to nutritional support. The nutritional paradigm in critically ill patients is gradually shifting towards stricter restrictions when macronutrients are administered in the acute phase of critical conditions. The benefits of early fasting are evident provided that nutrients are administered to prevent nutritional deficiencies and the onset of refeeding syndrome. This serves as a prospect for further research aimed at developing new nutrition strategies in critically ill children with protein-energy deficiency, micronutrient and vitamin deficiencies. An adequately prescribed nutritional program in children after gastrointestinal surgery helps to restore energy reserves, maintain the structure and functions of the operated organ, reduce the risk of secondary infections, and improve the patient’s metabolic status.

Author Biographies

Dmitry O. Ivanov, Saint Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University

Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Rector, Head, Dept. of Neonatology with Courses in Neurology and Obstetrics-Gynecology, Faculty of Postgraduate and Additional Professional Education

Yurii S. Aleksandrovich, Saint Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University

Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Head, Dept. of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care and Emergency Pediatrics, Faculty of Postgraduate and Additional Professional Education, Honored Scientist of the Russian Federation

Konstantin V. Pshenisnov, Saint Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University

Dr. Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor,Professor, Dept. of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care and Emergency Pediatrics, Faculty of Postgraduate and Additional Professional Education

Ekaterina A. Plevako, Children’s City Hospital No. 2 of St. Mary Magdalene

anesthesiologist and intensive care physician of the Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Department

Igor A. Komissarov, Saint Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University

Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Dept. of Surgical Diseases of Childhood named after G.A. Bairov

Anastasiya V. Soboleva, North-Western State Medical University named after I.I. Mechnikov

6th year student of the Faculty of Medicine

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Nutritional support in children after gastrointestinal surgery: literature review: NEW IN MEDICINE. (2026). Pediatric Surgery and Intensive Care. Bairov Journal, 1(1), 27-40. https://bairovj.ru/article/view/7957

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